Aerospace Tools
Explore our open-source aerospace tools, calculators, and simulators
Unit Converter
Convert between common units frequently used in aerospace engineering calculations.
Astronomical Unit Converter
Convert between AU, km, m, light‑years, parsecs, and lunar distance.
Coordinate System Converter
Convert between Geodetic (Lat/Lon/Alt), ECEF, UTM, and MGRS coordinates.
Scientific Calculator
Advanced scientific calculator powered by Desmos.
ISA Calculator
Calculate atmospheric properties (altitude, pressure, temp, density) using the ISA model.
Aircraft Weight Calculator
Calculate aircraft weight breakdown, fuel fractions, payload capacity, weight fraction relationships, and wing loading (W/S).
Aircraft Performance Basics
Calculate maximum lift-to-drag ratio, optimal velocities for range and endurance, and basic aerodynamic performance characteristics.
Climb & Descent Performance
Analyze climb rates, angles, time to climb, service ceiling, descent planning, and glide performance characteristics.
Performance Envelopes
Generate V-n diagrams, flight envelopes, gust load factors, maneuver limits, and performance boundary analysis.
Range & Endurance Analysis
Calculate aircraft range and endurance using Breguet equations, optimal cruise conditions, and fuel flow analysis.
Takeoff & Landing Distance
Compute balanced field length and runway distance requirements.
Coordinated Turn Calculator
Turn radius, bank angle, and load factor for specified speed and rate.
E6B Flight Computer
Digital E6B: wind correction, TAS, density altitude, and more.
Mach Number Calculator
Calculate Mach number and local speed of sound based on airspeed and altitude.
Reynolds Number Calculator
Determine the Reynolds number for various fluid flow scenarios and conditions.
Normal Shock Calculator
Calculate property changes across a normal shock wave in supersonic flow conditions.
Isentropic Flow Calculator
Calculate pressure, temperature, and density ratios across an isentropic flow.
Lift & Drag Calculator
Calculate lift and drag forces, coefficients, stall speed estimation, and basic aerodynamic performance.
Oblique Shock Calculator
Calculate properties across oblique shock waves based on upstream conditions.
Airfoil Data Tool
Explore properties and performance data for standard airfoil shapes (e.g., NACA series).
Prandtl-Meyer Expansion
Determine flow turning and property changes through an expansion fan.
Drag Polar Estimator
Estimate CD vs CL curve from geometry and flight test points.
Airfoil Generator (NACA)
Generate NACA 4/5-digit coordinates and basic aerodynamic metrics.
Sphere Flow Calculator
Calculate drag coefficient, pressure distribution, and flow characteristics around a sphere for various Reynolds numbers.
Rocket Equation Calculator
Estimate rocket delta-v performance using the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation.
Propellant Mass Fraction
Calculate propellant mass fraction based on initial and final masses.
TWR Calculator
Calculate Thrust-to-Weight Ratio for aircraft or rockets.
Specific Impulse Converter
Convert specific impulse values between seconds and velocity units.
Propeller Performance Estimator
Thrust, power, and efficiency vs advance ratio and RPM.
Nozzle Design (C–D)
Area ratios, expansion, and performance for converging–diverging nozzles.
Brayton Cycle Analyzer
Ideal/real cycle performance for gas turbines with component maps.
Rocket Engine Performance (CEA)
Estimate chamber/exit conditions and Isp via propellant thermochemistry.
Electric Propulsion Sizing
Hall/Ion thruster power, thrust, Isp, and propellant mass estimates.
Mixture Ratio Optimizer
Optimize O/F for target performance or constraints.
Orbital Period & Velocity
Calculate orbital period and velocity characteristics for satellites in circular orbits.
Hohmann Transfer Calculator
Calculate the required delta-v for efficient Hohmann transfer orbital maneuvers.
Delta-V Budget Tool
Input delta-v values for mission phases to calculate total requirements.
Satellite Pass Planner
Calculate satellite pass times, visibility windows, and ground tracks for any location.
Launch Window Planner
Phase angle, lighting, and geometry constraints for mission departure windows.
Porkchop Plotter
Visualize launch/arrival date trade-offs and delta‑v for interplanetary transfers.
Lambert Solver
Two-point boundary value transfer solution between orbits.
Ground Track Visualizer
Plot sub-satellite tracks and repeat cycles on maps.
Sun-Synchronous Orbit Designer
Design SSO altitude and inclination for desired local time of ascending node.
RAAN Drift Calculator
Compute nodal precession due to J2 for sun-synchronous and other LEO orbits.
Plane Change Optimizer
Minimize delta‑v for inclination/RAAN changes and combined maneuvers.
Reentry Heating & Corridor
Estimate peak heating, g-loads, and corridor constraints for entry profiles.
Aerobraking Planner
Periapsis targeting and pass-by-pass delta‑v savings for aerobraking campaigns.
Orbital Elements Calculator
Convert between different orbital element representations (Keplerian, Cartesian) and classify orbit types.
Kepler's Equation Solver
Solve Kepler's equation for elliptical orbits and convert between mean, eccentric, and true anomaly.
Hyperbolic Trajectory Calculator
Analyze hyperbolic orbits, escape trajectories, and flyby missions with hyperbolic excess velocity.
Orbital Maneuver Planner
Plan complex orbital maneuvers including bi-elliptic transfers, plane changes, and multi-burn optimization.
Orbit Propagation Tool
Predict orbital position over time using Keplerian and SGP4 propagation methods.
Beam Bending & Deflection
Deflection, slope, shear, and moment for common beam load cases.
Column Buckling Calculator
Euler buckling and effective length factors for structural members.
Fastener Shear/Bearing
Allowables and margins for rivets/bolts in single- and double-shear.
Composite Laminate Analyzer
Classical laminate theory (ABD matrices), ply strains, and failure indices.
Pressure Vessel Stress
Hoop and longitudinal stresses for thin/thick-walled cylinders and spheres.
Stress Concentration Factor
Kt values for common geometric features like holes, fillets, and notches.
Fatigue Life Estimator
S-N curves and fatigue life calculations for cyclic loading conditions.
Torsion Calculator
Shear stress and angle of twist for circular and non-circular cross-sections.
Plate Bending Calculator
Deflection and stress in thin plates under various loading conditions.
Safety Factor Calculator
Calculate safety factors and margins of safety for structural designs.
Weld Strength Calculator
Allowable loads and stress concentrations for welded joints.
Natural Frequency Calculator
First mode natural frequency for beams, plates, and simple structures.
Radar Range Equation
Estimate maximum radar detection range based on system parameters.
RF Link Budget
Uplink/downlink SNR, data rate, and margin for ground–space links.
Antenna Gain Calculator
Calculate antenna gain, beamwidth, and directivity for parabolic and horn antennas.
Free Space Path Loss
Calculate signal attenuation in free space for various frequencies and distances.
Doppler Shift Calculator
Calculate frequency shifts due to relative motion between transmitter and receiver.
Noise Figure Calculator
Calculate system noise figure and noise temperature for cascaded amplifiers.
Modulation Index Calculator
Calculate modulation index and bandwidth for AM, FM, and PM signals.
Bit Error Rate (BER) Calculator
Calculate BER for various modulation schemes and signal-to-noise ratios.
Polarization Loss Calculator
Calculate signal loss due to polarization mismatch between antennas.
Atmospheric Attenuation
Calculate signal attenuation due to atmospheric gases and precipitation.
Antenna Array Calculator
Calculate gain, beamwidth, and sidelobes for linear and planar antenna arrays.
Shannon Capacity Calculator
Calculate theoretical channel capacity using Shannon's theorem.
Delta‑V Tree Builder
Build staged mission delta‑v trees with margins and staging losses.
Payload Mass Budget
Budget payload, structures, tanks, and margins across mission phases.
Power & Energy Budget
Generate orbital power profiles with eclipse margins and battery sizing.
Eclipse Duration Calculator
Predict eclipse entry/exit and durations for LEO/GEO and interplanetary arcs.
Radiation Exposure Estimator
Dose estimates through belts and deep space with shielding assumptions.
Lunar Phase Calculator
Calculate lunar phases, rise/set times, and illumination percentages for any date and location.
Redshift Calculator
Calculate cosmological distances, lookback times, and redshift relationships for astronomical objects.
Field of View Calculator
Compute FOV for any camera + telescope/lens combination and object framing.
Pixel Scale & Sampling
Arcsec/pixel, Nyquist sampling, and seeing-limited resolution guidance.
Milky Way Core Planner
Best dates/times and azimuth/elevation for core visibility at your location.
Meteor Shower Tracker
Peak rates, radiant altitude, and timing for major meteor showers.
Planetary Visibility Planner
Apparitions, elongations, and altitude windows for planets and bright asteroids.
Conjunction & Occultation Finder
Predict close approaches and occultations for selected targets.
Polar Alignment Helper
Altitude/azimuth offsets and reticle overlays for quick polar alignment.
Great-Circle Route Planner
Plan and visualize shortest air routes with ETAs and waypoints.
Geodesic Distance & Bearings
Compute distance, initial/final bearings, and intermediate points on ellipsoid.
Geoid Height (EGM96) Estimator
Approximate geoid undulation to refine altitude conversions.
Drone Flight Time Estimator
Estimate endurance from battery capacity, payload, and environment.
Survey Grid/Mapping Planner
Generate lawnmower patterns and overlaps for area mapping missions.
Battery Sizing for UAV
Estimate pack voltage, capacity, and C‑rating for mission profiles.
Golden Hour & Sun/Moon Planner
Sunrise/sunset, blue hour, moonrise/set, and illumination guidance.
Sun/Moon Az-El & Shadows
Azimuth/elevation, shadow lengths, and subject alignment planning.
Ground Sample Distance Calculator
Calculate pixel resolution, coverage area, and footprint for aerial/satellite photography missions.
Aircraft Tracking Calculator
Calculate panning speed and exposure time for photographing moving aircraft.
Satellite Streak Calculator
Calculate exposure time and ISO for capturing satellite trails and streaks.
Telescope Focal Length Calculator
Calculate effective focal length, magnification, and field of view for telescope photography.
Rocket Exhaust Exposure Calculator
Calculate exposure settings for capturing rocket exhaust plumes and ignition sequences.
Aurora Exposure Calculator
Calculate optimal shutter speed and ISO for capturing aurora based on intensity and movement.
Orbital Photography Planner
Calculate optimal imaging times and sun angles for Earth observation photography.
Meteor Trail Calculator
Calculate exposure settings and field of view for capturing meteor trails and fireballs.