ESA’s Kourou S- and X-band ground station, also known as Kourou 93, lies 27 km from Kourou and 19 km from the Centre Spatial Guyanais in French Guiana. Its 15-metre antenna and 1.3-metre acquisition aid support S- and X-band tracking, telemetry, telecommand, ranging, Doppler and meteorological measurements, including routine XMM-Newton operations, launch and early-orbit-phase support, backup support for other missions, and satellite-communications validation near the launch areas. Operations are normally controlled from ESOC; the ESA page provides ESOC and local contacts for access questions.