Malaysia's Angkasawan mission flew orthopedic surgeon Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, the first Malaysian in space, to the International Space Station. He launched aboard Soyuz TMA-11 with the Expedition 16 crew, conducted six Malaysian life-science investigations spanning medical science, microbiology, and protein crystallization as well as education demonstrations, and served as a subject for four ESA human-physiology experiments. He returned with the Expedition 15 crew aboard Soyuz TMA-10.