Soyuz 37

Soyuz 37 was the sixth Intercosmos visiting mission to Salyut 6. Viktor Gorbatko commanded the flight with Vietnamese research cosmonaut Pham Tuan, launching from Baikonur Site 1/5 on July 23, 1980 and docking with Salyut 6 the next day. The crew worked with the Soyuz 35 resident expedition on Earth-observation, life-science, medical, materials-processing, and engineering experiments, including observations of Vietnam from orbit and plant-growth studies with azolla water ferns. Gorbatko and Tuan returned to Earth on Soyuz 36 on July 31, while the Soyuz 37 spacecraft remained at the station and later returned the resident crew.