Soyuz MS-23

Soyuz MS-23 was an uncrewed Roscosmos replacement flight to the International Space Station. It launched from Baikonur in February 2023 carrying supplies and a return spacecraft for Sergei Prokopyev, Dmitri Petelin, and Frank Rubio after the Soyuz MS-22 coolant leak made their original capsule unsuitable for a normal crew landing. After docking to the station, MS-23 served as the crew's lifeboat and return vehicle through the rest of Expeditions 68 and 69. On September 27, 2023, Prokopyev, Petelin, and Rubio undocked in Soyuz MS-23 and landed in Kazakhstan, ending a 371-day spaceflight for the crew and setting a new single-flight duration record for a U.S. astronaut.