NASA’s Aircraft Energy Efficiency programme pursued transport-aircraft fuel savings in response to the 1970s fuel crisis. Its work combined propulsion research with laminar-flow control, advanced aerodynamics, active flight controls and composite structures. A contemporary NASA technical report describes the programme as beginning in 1976 and explains how these approaches were intended to reduce drag and structural mass. The historical programme helped develop technologies for more efficient aircraft; its projected fuel savings should not be read as a measured fleet-wide result.