The NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) is a joint Earth-observation program that uses L-band and S-band radar to monitor changes in Earth’s land, ice, vegetation, water, and hazards. Launched on 30 July 2025, NISAR completed commissioning and entered its science operations phase in early January 2026, providing global land and ice observations on a regular repeat cycle for environmental research and applications.