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Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle

The Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle is India's cryogenic launch-vehicle lineage for high-energy and heavy-lift missions. Its Mk I, Mk II, and renamed LVM3 branches completed 27 flights from GSLV-D1 in April 2001 through LVM3-M6 in December 2025, with 23 successful missions and four launch failures.

Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle
Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) · Stored/public JPEG is 1520x2280 pixels with SHA-256 5a91801a1f549f0a71cdfb43bab2e6f111e67b59981a055d811ce094217aa0f5. The current official ISRO GSAT-29 mission gallery serves a 672x1008 rendition of the same GSLV Mk III-D2 liftoff; comparison with the stored asset after resize produced MAE 2.13, RMSE 3.73, and Pearson correlation 0.99827. The reviewed Wikimedia Commons record for these exact stored bytes identifies the 14 November 2018 GSLV Mk III D2 / GSAT-29 liftoff, author Indian Space Research Organisation, and the Government Open Data License-India, which permits reuse with provider/source/license attribution and no suggestion of endorsement while excluding official names, crests, logos, symbols, and other separately protected rights: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:01_Launch_of_GSLV_Mk_III_D2_with_GSAT-29_from_Second_Launch_Pad_of_Satish_Dhawan_Space_Centre,_Sriharikota_(SDSC_SHAR).jpg. The current ISRO Copyright Policy separately permits accurate reproduction of material featured on its site with prominent source acknowledgment and excludes material identified as third-party. This is an asset-level reuse basis, not a public-domain claim or permission to use ISRO marks as endorsement. · Source
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Identity

Aliases
GSLVIndian GSLV familyGeosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle family
Family Name
GSLV
Full Name
Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle
Status
active
Type
rocket

Details

Description
The Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle is India's cryogenic launch-vehicle lineage for high-energy and heavy-lift missions. Its Mk I, Mk II, and renamed LVM3 branches completed 27 flights from GSLV-D1 in April 2001 through LVM3-M6 in December 2025, with 23 successful missions and four launch failures.
First Flight Year
2,001
Manufacturer
Operator
Propulsion Configurations
  • Entries
    • Count
      1
      Placement
      core
      Propulsion System
      Role
      main
      Stage
      first-stage
      Variant Notes
      One exact S139 solid rocket motor forms the GSLV Mk II first-stage core.
    • Count
      4
      Placement
      booster
      Propulsion System
      Role
      booster
      Stage
      first-stage
      Variant Notes
      Four liquid strap-on boosters, one Vikas engine per booster; the official ISRO source does not establish a narrower Vikas variant for this installation.
    • Count
      1
      Placement
      core
      Propulsion System
      Role
      main
      Stage
      second-stage
      Variant Notes
      One Vikas engine powers the GS2 second stage; the canonical family-level Vikas identity is retained because ISRO's vehicle page does not prove a narrower engine suffix.
    • Count
      1
      Placement
      upper
      Propulsion System
      Role
      upper-stage
      Stage
      third-stage
      Variant Notes
      One exact CE-7.5 cryogenic engine powers the indigenous CUS third stage.
    Name
    GSLV Mk II indigenous cryogenic configuration
    Notes
    Exact GSLV Mk II alternative on the broader GSLV family record: one S139 solid core, four liquid strap-ons each powered by a Vikas engine, one Vikas second-stage engine, and one CE-7.5 cryogenic third-stage engine. GSLV Mk I's Russian-supplied cryogenic stage and the separately represented LVM3/GSLV Mk III branch remain untouched.
  • Entries
    • Count
      1
      Placement
      core
      Propulsion System
      Role
      main
      Stage
      first-stage
      Variant Notes
      GSLV-D1 GS1 uses one S125 solid propellant motor as the core first stage.
    • Count
      4
      Placement
      booster
      Propulsion System
      Role
      booster
      Stage
      first-stage
      Variant Notes
      GSLV-D1 identifies four L40 liquid-propellant strap-on stages; the canonical L40 integrated-stage row is repeated by count four.
    • Count
      1
      Placement
      core
      Propulsion System
      Role
      main
      Stage
      second-stage
      Variant Notes
      GSLV-D1 identifies a single L37.5 liquid engine powering the GS2 second stage.
    • Count
      1
      Placement
      upper
      Propulsion System
      Role
      upper-stage
      Stage
      third-stage
      Variant Notes
      GSLV-D1's C12 cryogenic third stage is represented by the canonical Russian-supplied 12KRB integrated upper-stage row.
    Name
    GSLV Mk I Russian cryogenic configuration
    Notes
    ISRO's GSLV-D1 reference identifies the original Mk I topology: one S125 solid core motor plus four L40 liquid strap-on stages in GS1, one L37.5 liquid engine in GS2, and the Russian-supplied C12/12KRB cryogenic stage in GS3. The named configuration is kept separate from the indigenous CE-7.5 Mk II configuration.
Rocket Specs
Reusability
expendable

Links

Official Url
https://www.isro.gov.in/GSLV_CON.html
Wikipedia Url
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geosynchronous_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle

Assets & Meta

Creation Time
July 13, 2026 at 09:56:38 UTC
Updated Time
August 15, 2026 at 06:00:20 UTC
Image
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